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- Date: Mon, 1 Jun 92 21:05:13 -0400
- From: dmilne@KEAN.UCS.MUN.CA
- Subject: ELEM-IG #1-B Lessons for beginners
- Sender: GAELIC Language Bulletin Board <GAELIC-L@irlearn.ucd.ie>
-
-
-
- A chairde,
-
- Here are the answers to the exercise in Lesson #1-A. Also,
- please note two comments and a question following the list
- of answers.
-
- Would someone who is a native speaker please answer our question about
- adjectives?
-
-
- I. Typos: I made two in Lesson #1-A.
-
- tanai: should be tanaí
- o'g óg
-
-
- II. Translations of the exercise to Lesson #1 A
-
- 1. A poor boy 1. Buachaill bocht
- 2. A rich girl 2. Cailín saibhir
- 3. The big dog 3. An madra mór
- 4. The small black cat 4. An cat beag dubh
- 5. A small fat doctor 5. Dochtúir beag ramhar
- 6. A tall thin farmer 6. Feirmeoir ard tanaí
- 7. A straight road 7. Bóthar direach
- 8. A narrow road 8. Bóthar caol
- 9. A light box 9. Bosca éadrom
- 10. An empty bag 10. Mála folamh
- 11. A strong boy 11. Buachaill láidir
- 12. A dark-haired man 12. Fear dubh
- 13. A fair-haired woman 13. Bean fionn
- 14. Fresh milk 14. Bainne úr
- 15. Sour milk 15. Bainne géar
- 16. A sweet apple 16. úll milis
- 17. A sour lemon 17. liomóid géar
-
-
- III. Question:
-
- Some of us are wondering if there is a choice in #4 and #5 in the
- order of the adjectives? Can you say "cat dubh beag", "cat beag
- dubh", or both? Similarly with dochtúir ramhar beag vs. dochtúir
- beag ramhar ?
-
-
-
- IV. Comment on accents:
-
- Most of the time, accents in Irish are a guide to pronunciation
- but don't change the meaning of a word if left off. For example,
- cailin would still be recognized as cailín, since there is no other
- word "cailin" that it could be confused with. However, there ARE
- quite a few word pairs in Irish where the accent does make a difference.
-
- e.g. mála = bag vs. mala = eyebrow
- áit = place vs. ait = strange
-
- Therefore, you do have to try to keep them straight.
-
-
- V. Comment on pronunciation:
-
- The lessons don't come with pronunciations, I have been adding them
- from "Focloir Poca" which gives a the compromise pronunciation worked
- out by a scholarly commission.
-
- My intent here is to give a "first approximation" of the
- pronunciation, to get beginners started. One of the hurdles that
- beginners face, (as I personally know), is confronting the Irish
- spelling system. Rules of Irish spelling are very different from
- those in the other European languages in that most words contain
- silent vowels and letters. The fact that it is all very phonetic and easy
- once you know the rules, doesn't help when you are just starting out.
- Therefore, I have put in these "modified IPA" approximations, just to
- help you get a sense of which vowels are pronounced and which are not.
-
- The IPA also helps you to identify the stressed syllables, since
- most unstressed vowels in Irish appear as @ (schwa).
-
- Somewhere in my files, I have an explanation of the Gaelic spelling
- system which, if there is any demand for it, I could type into
- ELEM-IG.
-
- Ready for Lesson #2 ??
-
- Slán agaibh,
-
- Dorothy
-
- =====================================================================
-
- Date: Tue, 2 Jun 92 18:18:19 -0400
- From: dmilne@KEAN.UCS.MUN.CA
- Subject: ELEM-IG Beginners' Lesson #1-B (amended)
-
-
- A chairde,
-
- Here is a correction to the answers given for the exercises
- in Lesson #1:
-
- bean fionn >> should be bean fhionn
- liomóid géar >> should be liomóid ghéar
-
-
- The change from "f" to "fh" and from "g" to "gh" is called
- ASPIRATION or LENITION,(two names for the same process) which
- alters the first consonant of a word. In this case, the first letter
- of the adjective is aspirated (lenited), because it follows a feminine
- noun in the nominative case.
-
- I thought I could get away with omitting the aspiration, because these
- are sentence fragments, and who's to say what case these word pairs are in ??
- However, the real reason I wanted to avoid it was that I didn't want to
- make things difficult for people who are the very beginning and who
- haven't yet heard of aspiration! Aspiration will be introduced in
- Lesson #3, and there are no cases of it in Lesson #2.
-
- My thanks to both Marion Gunn and Donall O Baoill for pointing this
- difficulty in the answers out to me.
-
- My especial thanks to Donall O Baoill for offering to help with
- questions from time to time -- I wanted to send him thanks personally,
- but then, like a clutz, I lost his e-mail address. Donall is the
- phonetics editor for the Foclóir Póca we have been raving about,
- so I am more than delighted to have his offer of assistance.
-
- Dorothy
-
- =====================================================================
-
-
-